What is inductance in relation to electrical conductors?

Inductance is a property of electrical conductors that is characterized by their ability to oppose changes in the flow of electric current. When an electric current flows through a conductor, it generates a magnetic field around it. If the current changes, the magnetic field changes, which in turn induces a voltage that opposes the change in current flow. This principle is a fundamental aspect of inductors, which are used in various electrical circuits to manage current flow, filter signals, and store energy.

In situations where the current varies rapidly, such as in AC circuits, inductance becomes particularly important, as it serves to smooth out these changes and reduce fluctuations in current. This opposition to changes in current is crucial for the stable operation of electrical systems and helps prevent issues like voltage spikes that can damage components. Thus, the characteristic that opposes a change in current flow is a defining feature of inductance.