How does inductance affect current flow in an electrical circuit?

Inductance is a property of electrical components, usually coils or inductors, that causes them to resist changes in the current flowing through them. When the current in a circuit changes (either increases or decreases), the magnetic field around the inductor also changes. According to Lenz's law, the induced electromotive force (emf) generated by this changing magnetic field always opposes the change in current. This means that if the current is attempting to increase, the inductor will generate a voltage that opposes that increase. Conversely, if the current is trying to decrease, the inductor will generate a voltage that opposes the decrease.

This opposition to changes in current flow is what characterizes inductance, and it is a fundamental aspect of how inductors function in circuits. Therefore, when considering the overall impact of inductance on current flow, it is clear that it primarily serves to oppose changes, making this the correct response to the question about its effects.